Rules for cyclists

This section covers the rules for keeping your bicycle roadworthy, wearing proper equipment and cycling safely and considerately. You should also be familiar with the rules on cycle tracks and hand signals.

Keeping your bicycle roadworthy

• Your brakes, tyres, chain, lights, reflector and bell must all be in good working order.

• Your bicycle should be the right size to allow you to touch the ground with both feet.

• When carrying goods, you should use a proper carrier or basket and take care that nothing is hanging loose.

• At night you must carry a lamp showing a white or yellow light to the front and a lamp showing a red light to the back. These are the minimum lighting requirements laid down by law. However,to be even more visible to motorists at night, you should:
  

Bicycle checklist 

• Handlebars should be square with the frame and level with the saddle. Movement should be neither too stiff nor too loose.

• When on the saddle, both feet should just touch the ground.

• Your wheels should be straight and in line. Replace wheels if they are buckled or out of alignment.

• Tighten loose spokes and replace any that are damaged.

• Make sure your tyres are properly inflated, with a good tread.

• Make sure mudguards are secure and well clear of the wheels.

• Check your gears and get them adjusted when necessary.

• Check your brake cables and adjust them when necessary. Replace them when frayed.

• Make sure the closed ends of brake shoes face the front.

• Make sure brake blocks are close to the rim of the wheel. Replace worn blocks.

• Check pedals and replace them when worn or broken.

• Make sure your lamps are white or yellow to the front and red at the back. Use a red reflector. Replace batteries when necessary and clean lenses.
  

• Make sure your bell is within easy reach of your thumb.

• Oil all moving parts. 

• Wear a cycle helmet at all times.

A bicycle should have the following braking system:

If it has one fixed wheel or is designed for a child under 7 years of age, it should have at least one brake;

If it is designed for an older child or an adult or neither wheel is fixed, it should
have one brake acting on the front wheel and another for the back wheel.

Protective clothing and equipment

As a cyclist, you are a vulnerable road user and your bicycle will not protect you if there is a crash. The law does not require you to wear a helmet. However, in the interest of road safety, and in your personal interest, you should wear a helmet at all times.

When buying a helmet:

• look for a mark to show that it has been made to a recognised national standard, and

• check that it does not restrict your field of vision or your hearing.

When you own a helmet you should:

• replace it when it is damaged or dropped,

• adjust the straps on your helmet to fit you correctly. Always check the manufacturers instructions.

Cycling safely

• You must obey the rules applying at traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, pelican crossings and zebra crossings.

• Keep both hands on the handlebars except when signalling or changing gears.

• Keep both feet on the pedals.

• Make sure you keep to the left. Always look behind and give the proper signal before moving off, changing lanes or making a turn.
  

• Do not take up a position on the ‘inside’ of a large vehicle out of view of the driver. Instead, stay behind if the large vehicle has stopped at a junction with the intention of turning left.
  

• When turning left, keep close to the left-hand side of the road and watch out for pedestrians.

• When turning right, get into the left side of the right-turning lane, look behind and give the proper signal before you move out and ensure traffic in that lane is not going straight ahead. On steep hills or busy roads, pull into the left-hand side of the road and wait until there is a break in traffic in both directions to let you make the turn safely.

• When cycling alongside traffic stopped in line, be aware of gaps in the traffic to allow other vehicles to turn across the stationary lane. The view of the car that is turning may be blocked due to the traffic build-up.

• In poor weather conditions, it may be safer to dismount and cross the roadway on foot. Where available, you should use a pedestrian or controlled crossing.

• Wear reflective clothing at all times

Cycle tracks

A cycle track or lane is a reserved part of a roadway for bicycles (not motorcycles) and can be either:

• mandatory, or

• non-mandatory.

A mandatory cycle track is bordered by a continuous white line on the right­hand side. It is only for bicycles and motorised wheelchairs, so no other drivers may use it or park in it.

A non-mandatory cycle track has a broken white line on the right-hand side. The cyclist may leave this type of cycle track if:

• they have already indicated they want to change direction,

• a bus is letting passengers on or off at a bus stop located beside the track, or

• a vehicle is parked in the track while loading or unloading.

Mandatory cycle tracks are reserved 24 hours a day, unless an upright information sign at the start of and/or the side of the track shows another period of time.

A cycle track can also be a reserved part of a footpath or other area off the road.

A cyclist must use a cycle track if it is provided.

If a cycle track is two-way, meaning bicycles travelling in opposite directions at the same time can use it, cyclists should stay as near as possible to the left-hand side of their track.

You must obey cycle track lights.

Rules on cycle tracks for other road users

Driving

No vehicle (other than a motorised wheelchair) may cross into or over a mandatory cycle track unless the driver is entering or leaving a place or a side road.

Parking

No driver may park a vehicle in a mandatory cycle track.

A driver may park in a non-mandatory cycle track for up to 30 minutes, but only if they are loading or unloading their vehicle and there is no alternative parking available. Remember the basic duty of care and do not obstruct a cycle track.

If a driver parks their vehicle in a cycle track that operates for only some of the day (shown on an information plate under the cycle track sign), they must move the vehicle by the time the next operating period starts.

If there is no information plate, it means the cycle track operates all the time
and no parking is allowed.




The table below sets down particular road traffic rules on cycling which you must obey.
 



The table below lists the actions that you should take or avoid taking in the
interests of your safety and that of other road users.

• Cyclists on roundabouts

• Be particularly careful when approaching a roundabout.

• Be aware that drivers may not see you easily.

• Watch out for vehicles crossing your path as they leave or enter the roundabout.

• Take extra care when cycling across exits.

• Give plenty of room to long vehicles on the roundabout, as they need more space. Do not ride in the spaces they need to use to get around the roundabout. Be aware ofthe driver’s blind spots. If you can’t see the driver, they can’t see you. Indeed, it may be safer to wait until they have cleared the roundabout before you go on it.
  

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